Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet (“the cloud”), including storage, processing power, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence. This model allows for on-demand access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort.

Key Characteristics

  • On-Demand Self-Service: Users can provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service provider..
  • Broad Network Access: Services are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms, promoting use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, laptops).
  • Resource Pooling: The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand.
  • Rapid Elasticity: Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand.
  • Measured Service: Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth).

Cloud Service Models

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):
  • Definition: Provides virtualized computing resources over the internet. Users rent virtual machines (VMs), storage, and networks.
  • Examples: Amazon Web Services (AWS) EC2, Microsoft Azure Virtual Machines, Google Cloud Compute Engine.
  • Use Cases: Hosting websites and applications, running enterprise applications, disaster recovery.

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS):

  • Definition: Supplies an on-demand environment for developing, testing, delivering, and managing software applications.
  • Examples: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure App Services.
  • Use Cases: Developing web and mobile applications, simplifying infrastructure management, and accelerating development.

3. Software as a Service (SaaS):

  • Definition: Delivers software applications over the internet on a subscription basis.
  • Examples: Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, Salesforce.
  • Use Cases: Email services, customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise resource planning (ERP).

Benefits of Cloud Computing

  • Cost Savings: Eliminates the capital expense of buying hardware and software and setting up and running on-site data centers.
  • Scalability: Easily scale computing resources up or down as needed, allowing businesses to be more flexible and agile.
  • Performance: Major cloud providers maintain data centers worldwide, providing fast and efficient services.
  • Security: Cloud providers offer a set of policies, technologies, and controls that strengthen security posture.
  • Productivity: Reduces the need for hardware setup, software patching, and other time-consuming IT management tasks.
  • Business Continuity: Offers disaster recovery, backup, and data recovery services to ensure business operations continue smoothly.

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